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    "id":"us-new-orleans-mardi-gras",
    

    "smil":"http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/data/xml/us-new-orleans-mardi-gras.smil",

    "title":"Celebrating Mardi Gras in New Orleans",

    "transcript":"\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ENew Orleans’ Mardi Gras is more than just a celebration before the Christian season of Lent begins.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EIn this city, preparations for the big day begin weeks\u003Cem\u003E \u003C/em\u003Eand even months in advance.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EEarly mornings are nothing new for bakers, but the pre\u002Ddawn workload grows during carnival season.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EFrom January 6th through Fat Tuesday, New Orleans Cake Café and bakery is a beehive of activity, where they make as many as 50 king cakes a day. Here, they make non\u002Dtraditional goat cheese and apple stuffed cakes.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESteve Himelfarb, Owner Cake Café \u0026amp\u003B Bakery:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003E“You can’t take it lightly. And you have to know the King Cake is the calling card for your bakery. There’s very old\u002Dschool King Cakes in New Orleans. They’ve been at it 50, 60, 100 years some of them, and they have a loyal following.”\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EThe old\u002Dschool king cake has a tiny baby or other trinket baked inside, and whoever gets the trinket has obligations, such as buying next year’s king cake. Here, the baby goes on the outside.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESteve Himelfarb, Owner Cake Café \u0026amp\u003B Bakery:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003E“The King Cake is a traditional New Orleans Mardi Gras pastry. You’ll find pastries like this all over the country and all over the world, and they’re only served for a certain season during the year.”\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EIn another part of town, Sally Hedrick and her son are making 150 or more ornate costumes. These are for the social organizations throwing the lavish balls and parades. Some may go fore more than three thousand dollars.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESOUNDBITE: Sally Hedrick, Costume Maker\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003E“As rewarding to see the women in these costumes gleam, but it is more rewarding to the men because a man doesn’t get to dress up in beautiful clothes. He’s usually in a tuxedo.”\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EHedrick works on costumes year\u002Dround –refurbishing ones that took a bit of a beating during last year’s Mardi Gras celebrations, and creating new works.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EFor a look back at years’ past, the Louisiana State Museum lets visitors see more than a century and a half of New Orleans’ Mardi Gras traditions.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESOUNDBITE: Wayne Phillips, Curator of Carnival Collection, Louisiana State Museum:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003E“The oldest item in the Carnival collection is something that we were very fortunate to acquire just a couple of years ago.  It’s a ball invitation that dates to the 1850s”.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EThe Carnival Exhibit at the museum on Jackson Square only shows the tip of the iceberg.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EHowever, the museum’s warehouse periodically offers tours, where visitors can see the thousands of costumes and other items.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESOUNDBITE: Wayne Phillips, Curator of Carnival Collection, Louisiana State Museum:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003E“The way that we celebrate Mardi Gras now and for the last 150 years, revolves around what we call the krewe system. There are all these clubs that exist that are called Mardi Gras krewes. And the krewes are the ones that give the parades and the balls every year.”\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EFor the dozens of krewes − spelled with a ‘k’ − lavish balls highlight Mardi Gras.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EThe Knights of Sparta Krewe was founded in 1951. For the last 30 years they’ve paraded in the city, and currently host a masquerade ball and parade that falls on the next to the last weekend of carnival season.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EThe krewe’s captain does \u003Cstrong\u003Enot \u003C/strong\u003Epublicly reveal his identity. He says it isn’t about secrecy.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESOUNDBITE: CAPTAIN OF KNIGHTS OF SPARTA:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003E“I wear the mask, however, because it is the tradition of Carnival to mask, to hide one’s identity because when I represent my Carnival krewe, the Knights of Sparta, I am simply the captain. One should not know my name or who I am.”\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EBelonging to or leading a krewe takes a big commitment.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESOUNDBITE: CAPTAIN OF KNIGHTS OF SPARTA:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003E“Is very costly to the members of the organization paying dues, buying the trinkets − the throws as we call them − to throw off the floats, ball gowns for the ladies, tickets to different functions. And we do it because of a sense of tradition.”\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EAs Fat Tuesday approaches, warehouses throughout the city come to life. ‘Float dens,’ as they are called, house the floats that can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars to construct. It can take a month or more to build and decorate the elaborate floats, some of which date back to the early 1900s.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESOUNDBITE: Philip Fricano, Jr., Float Maker:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003E“It’s part of the economy here too. It puts a lot of people to work. To make a float like this, you need carpenters, you need artists, you need welders, you need tire people, you need mechanics.  It’s a lot involved.”\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EAnd a final vital ingredient for Mardi Gras is the music. Grammy\u002Dwinning artist Irvin Mayfield.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESOUNDBITE: Irvin Mayfield, Jazz Club Owner and Musician\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022 style\u003D\u0022margin\u002Dleft: 0.25in\u003B\u0022\u003E“From television you see these parades go by, people throwing beads. But what you really don’t see is that Mardi Gras lives out in people’s houses, it lives out in the street, it lives out in the halls and the parties and the receptions. And it’s not a thing over one day. So I would say in terms of music, it’s very hard to have Mardi Gras without the music.”\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EAnd he says any musician growing up in New Orleans is shaped by Mardi Gras…\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESOUNDBITE: Irvin Mayfield, Jazz Club Owner and Musician\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003E“You are a leg on the table that helps the table stand up. The music, the food, the people. For a young musician, you wouldn’t start playing because of Mardi Gras necessarily. But if you are a musician, you will be involved in Mardi Gras a certain way.”\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EMost New Orleans natives say anyone hoping to understand Mardi Gras needs to come back often and stay awhile,  not just for one day.\u003C/p\u003E",

    "description":"\u003Cp\u003EThere\u0027s more to Mardi Gras in New Orleans than just one day or just one  parade. Visit behind the scenes as preparations begin days, weeks and  even months in advance of the big celebrations.\u003C/p\u003E",
    
    "credit":" 2011 National Geographic\u003B Video Credits: Fritz Faerber\u003B New Orleans Convention \u0026 Visitors Bureau\u003B Knights of Sparta Krewe",
    

    
    
    
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    "url":"http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/places/culture-places/festivals-celebrations/us-new-orleans-mardi-gras/",

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