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    "id":"shark_lemon",
    

    "smil":"http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/data/xml/shark_lemon.smil",

    "title":"Lemon Sharks",

    "transcript":"\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EFor more than 40 years, marine biologist Samuel Gruber has been researching the behavior of lemon sharks,\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EBut he\u0027s never seen anything like this, dozens of them, huddled together on the bottom.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EHere off the coast of Jupiter, Florida, he\u0027s about to dive 80 feet below to find out why.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EThe water is murky.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EAs Gruber gets deeper, it\u0027s clear he\u0027s not alone.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EA school of more than 3 dozen adult lemon sharks,  ready and waiting.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESome are as long as 10 feet.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EAn awesome sight \u002D but it doesn\u0027t stop Gruber from getting close enough to touch them.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EWhat are so many sharks doing in the same place at the same time?\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EHe believes the predators are displaying what he calls \u0022refuging behavior.\u0022\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESam Gruber, Marine Biologist \u002D \u0022They\u0027re out and about when the sun goes down, they are out feeding, moving around and then when the sun comes up they begin to go to this particular place where they can assemble and rest on the bottom. Now resting on this bottom gives them a little bit of energetic edge in the sense that they can face up in to the current and they don\u0027t have to swim to breathe.\u0022\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EBut there may be more to it than \u0022resting\u0022.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ELemon sharks are social animals and sometimes school in small groups of 4 or 5.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EThis might also be a sort of mating game.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESam Gruber, Marine Biologist \u002D \u0022The females are assembling here in order to attract males, that\u0027s what I think is going on here. The way it works I think, is that early in December a group of females who know to come here because they\u0027ve done it year after year, will assemble at this site.\u0022\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EGruber suspects female lemon sharks have chosen this reef as a place for producing chemical signals called \u0022pheromones\u0022.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EThe pheromones are carried by the currents, and they attract potential male suitors.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EAnd then it\u0027s on to the domestic phase.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003ESam Gruber, Marine Biologist \u002D \u0022When this group reaches a critical mass, say around February or March, they begin to move out and they move to the lagoon where mating and birthing will take place from April through June.\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp class\u003D\u0022MsoNormal\u0022\u003EAnd if Gruber\u0027s hunch is right, he can expect another miracle soon, when these creatures bring a new generation of lemon sharks into the ocean.\u003C/p\u003E",

    "description":"\u003Cp\u003ENot all sharks are lone hunters of the deep. Check out the surprisingly social lemon shark.\u003C/p\u003E",
    
    
    "credit":"National Geographic",
    
    

    
    
    
    "still":"http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/media/shark_lemon/shark_lemon_480x360.jpg",
    
    
    

    
    "allowUserEmbed":"True",
    

    "url":"http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/animals/fish-animals/sharks-and-rays/shark_lemon/",

    "related":
        {
        "link":
            [
                
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                 "url":"http://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/fish.html"
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                 "name":"Get Shark Photos",
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